Tag: dying

The rainbow secret

I hadn’t come to see her.

I was visiting another resident when the nurse asked me if I had time to review ‘the new lady’ who had been admitted the day before. I had a full day booked and was already running late, but the urgency in the nurse’s voice made me pause.

“What are you worried about?” I asked.

“She says she needs to go to the bathroom, but she won’t let us help her. She tried to get up to walk to the bathroom this morning, but collapsed back on to the bed. We think she needs to go to hospital but she doesn’t want us to call an ambulance.”

A week ago she had fallen at home, giving herself a fright. She had walked in to the care home the previous day for a short admission, hoping for a week or two of rest and to recover before returning home.

The look in her eyes as she gazed up at me when I entered the room stopped me in my tracks. I had never, in all my life, seen anything like it.

Fear, desperation, and something else that I could not name, all in one wide-eyed gaze. My heart sank. I took a deep breath, and asked for her permission to sit by the bed.

Her breathing was rapid and shallow. There was a sheen across her brow, the effort of trying to get enough air was taking it’s toll. Her skin was grey, her hands were cold, and her lips were blue. I held her hand and felt her pulse – so rapid and irregular I didn’t bother to count the rate. I sensed immediately that she was dying, and that the end would not be far away.

I suspected she had a full bladder that was causing discomfort. I lifted the bedclothes to examine her abdomen, and she panicked. I stopped.

She gripped my hand – hard. “Please…no…help…”, she said.

Her much younger sister sat on the other side of the room, looking worried and helpless. I asked her if she would mind giving us a few minutes alone. She left the room.

Her relief at being left alone with me was obvious. An immediate relaxation, slower breathing – but the fear in her eyes was still there.

She wanted to go to the bathroom, but could not walk. She did not want any assistance from me or from the staff. She declined to use a bed pan. She did not want help with toileting, or with personal care. At the mention of the possibility of a catheter, her fear escalated to something I had never seen before.

She definitely did not want a catheter. She was adamant that she did not want any medications to help with her breathing, anxiety and agitation.

I struggled to understand how to help this woman. I had run out of suggestions.

“What can I do to help you?”.

“Nothing…maybe…just…don’t know”, she said.

“How about I just listen, and you can tell me what is worrying you the most?”

I did not fully process what came next until after her death.

As she spoke while she struggled to breathe, I began to hear small pieces of her story – one so horrific that I could never have imagined it and one I will never forget.

A story of abuse, of trauma, and of rejection. A story of embarrassment, and guilt. A story of spiritual suffering. Of confusion. A fear of dying with an untold secret.

Her sentences were broken. The pieces of the puzzle came slowly, and made little sense at the time. The overwhelming theme was a person who had been the subject of decisions made by doctors, her parents and their church, which had caused untold physical and mental harm and incredible existential distress.

She told me of many hospital visits that included multiple surgeries. Her fear of catheters due to past attempts to insert them that had caused excrutiating pain. Of ‘cures’ and ‘punishments’ that had been imposed on her. She told me about her fear of taking any medicines that might take away her sense of control. She said it was all a secret. Even her sister did not know.

She talked about her faith, and her fear of doing something ‘against God’. She spoke of her guilt, said that she had ‘bad thoughts’ and that she was ‘not good enough’. She was so worried that she would die without forgiveness and was going to hell.

I assumed she had been sexually abused. I was right, and I was wrong.

After her death the last piece of the puzzle was discovered, and it all made sense.

She had been born with both male and female anatomy into a devoutly catholic family. The catholic church’s position is firm. One is born either or male or female, and this also applies to intersex people who have both male and female characteristics, and who are – in the eyes of the church – either biological boys or girls.

It has taken me many years to be able to reflect on this experience. My heart still breaks to think of a person so troubled and so imprisoned by a body that she felt did not belong to her. She had no sense of her own identity. No opportunity to explore her own sexuality.

She had lived a lifetime of being violated, stigmatized and tortured. A lifetime hiding in toilet cubicles in school and avoiding public change rooms so her friends would ‘not see’. A lifetime of not belonging. A lifetime of fear that her sister and others would find out. A lifetime of feeling lost, inadquate and helpless.

She was robbed of the chance to live life to the full, to be free and happy. To feel safe and secure. To love and be loved, to be intimate, and denied the opportunity to marry and have children.

My own sense of inadequacy, my frustration at being unable to manage her physical symptoms, my confusion about what I was seeing and hearing, and my struggle to make sense of it all, still play on my mind. I wonder if I could have done more, or something different.

She died a few hours later in the same way she had lived. Uncomfortably, restlessly, painfully.

But she died on her terms, having told her story and unburdened her heart.

She died having her experiences and feelings acknowledged and validated, being told that what she had endured was unfair and undeserved. She died being reassured that she was worthy, that she was not alone, and that she mattered.

It wasn’t ideal. It wasn’t what I would call a ‘good death’.

It was what it was.

praying woman in Mexico

Maintaining hope

As a specialist nurse who coordinated care for adults with malignant brain tumours for nearly 7 years, I have followed with interest the recent media coverage regarding an infamous neurosurgeon.

My role was in a regional cancer centre, coordinating multidisciplinary team meetings and post-surgical treatments including chemotherapy and radiation. During this time, I saw some of the best and worst outcomes from some of this doctor’s surgeries. From the ‘miracle’ 15-year survivor of glioblastoma multiforme to the devastating outcome from a young mother’s failed surgery (death within days), there is one thing they all had in common.

Hope.

Families will do anything to buy more time with their loved ones. I have seen people take out multiple mortgages on their house, cash in their superannuation and go into debt for hundreds of thousands of dollars to pay for futile surgery.

The thing that was missing for each of these families was an honest and up-front conversation about their quality of life in relation to their diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis. The focus was usually on treatment to cure or prolong life, regardless of the impact. Desperate people will risk everything for that chance.

Even when local specialists were hesitant to refer, people pursued an opinion and opted to have surgery that was not based on evidence and often carried a high financial burden from the self-proclaimed ‘world’s greatest surgeon’.

I tried to be the tempering voice of reason when patients told me they were seeking surgery that local neurosurgeons, in consultation with their peers, had declined to perform. I dutifully forwarded the scans, coordinated the appointments, and in the background I quietly spoke with families to provide as much information as I could and manage their expectations. 

I would try to talk to them about what mattered most, about their values and the things that gave their life meaning and were important for the future. Some said that having extra time was more important than anything else. They were willing to take the risk.

I gently tried to remind them that their follow up after surgery would be complicated. Local surgeons absolutely refused to continue care after a patient had been operated on by the ‘maverick’ surgeon. Patients would always need to travel for follow up appointments. Their clinical information would not be available locally if they needed to go to the emergency department or had a crisis here. At best, the referring specialist would get a letter or a discharge summary. I tried to reinforce that whatever time left was precious, and that this could be better spent with families rather than in strange cities and hospitals and travelling backwards and forwards for appointments.

Inside I was screaming.  So often I wanted to refer to palliative care so that a detailed conversation about what to expect and their wishes for the future could take place and help with the decision making process. This was sometimes blocked by doctors with the phrase ‘you can’t take away their hope’. After gaining consent from the patient, I would make the referral anyway. People that met with palliative care first sometimes changed their mind about the surgery and shifted their focus to making the most of the present with good supportive care and symptom management, instead of clinging to an uncertain future.

I know there are success stories. These are the ones you see at fundraisers and in the media. But for every success story, there are countless failures. People who died, or lost function and the ability to even communicate with their family, only to eventually die anyway.

Surgeons who promise the world without inviting palliative care clinicians to be part of the multidisciplinary team should immediately raise a red flag and be consulted with caution. Hope is important and should be nurtured, but the truth needs to be told and expectations managed. Treatment should be based on best evidence and consensus of peers. There is no room for ego when someone’s quality of life is at stake.

The recent media coverage has not only shone a light on these terrible personal tragedies, it has highlighted a much broader issue than individual surgeons and poor patient outcomes. This issue is the ability for people diagnosed with a life limiting cancer or chronic illness to access palliative care from the time of diagnosis. Currently, many Australians are unable to access high-quality palliative care where and when they need it. This is especially difficult in rural and remote Australia and for people from diverse needs groups, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Communities.

Increased funding for specialist palliative care services is essential. Palliative care should be available at the outset, embedded within all multidisciplinary teams, and included as standard care – not a last resort when everything else fails.

Palliative care – it’s your right

As National Palliative Care Week draws to a close, many clinicians have been so busy providing palliative care in the current environment of strained services with increasing pressure, that we have not had a chance to reflect on or promote it.

One of the myths about palliative care is that it is only for end-of-life care, yet it is so much more than that.  Palliative care seeks to improve quality of life for anyone with a life threatening illness, through the relief of serious health-related suffering – physical, psychological, social, or spiritual. Everyone has a right to access high quality palliative care when and where they need it.  

Palliative care has always been a passion for me, even as a student nurse more than twenty years ago. In my first week as a new graduate nurse my grandmother had a heart attack and was admitted to hospital. A week of tests and attempts to stabilise her was excruciating to watch. I knew she was dying, and advocated strongly for a palliative approach. One of my aunts admonished me for ‘being too pushy’, telling my parents it was not my place to have these discussions and that I should stop.

I knew my Nan well, and that she had talked to me about dying for many years. She had suffered excruciating chronic pain for decades after a car accident, and often said she would rather be dead than have to continue to live with it. I didn’t give up. As I sat with her in the last hours of her life, listening to her last breaths, I felt an immense relief that she was finally given the dignity of pain control through a syringe driver. I went home knowing she was finally getting the care she wanted and deserved. She died that night.

Two decades later I am working as a specialist palliative care nurse practitioner, caring for older people living in residential aged care. On a daily basis I find myself having to advocate for provision of palliative care in the face of a medical model that attempts to prolong life for as long as possible, even though the person is seriously ill, deteriorating and saying they are ready to die. I am constantly dismayed at the unwillingness of some doctors to have discussions about realistic goals and provide good primary palliative care.

Just this week, our team was called to see a lady who had been unwell for several days with a respiratory infection. She was unable to swallow medicines, eat or drink. She was restless and groaning, and her doctor had been unable to visit, although had charted oral antibiotics that morning. They were capsules that she was unable to swallow. She was rapidly deteriorating and was suffering, and the nurses and carers were concerned and anxious that they didn’t have appropriate medications prescribed to relieve her symptoms. Her advance care plan stated she wanted to have good symptom control and did not want to go to hospital.

I charted injectable medicines and planned to commence a syringe driver to prevent pain and suffering. When contacted, her doctor did not want it to be started because ‘she should be given a chance to wake up’, and wanted all the oral medications to remain on her chart so they could be given the next day. Her family were present, they stated they wanted her to be kept comfortable and that she had been in severe pain when carers repositioned her.

I prescribed a low dose morphine syringe driver knowing that it was my responsibility to ensure she didn’t suffer, and that it was her right to receive palliative care. Less than 24 hours later she died peacefully, her family by her side.

The World Health Organisation explicitly recognises palliative care under the human right to health, stating that it should be provided through person-centered and integrated health services that pay special attention to the specific needs and preferences of individual.

In my own jurisdiction the Medical Treatment (Health Directions) Act states that a person who has given a health direction that medical treatment be withdrawn or withheld “ has the right to receive relief from pain and suffering to the maximum extent that is reasonable in the circumstances. In providing relief from pain and suffering to the person, the health professional must give adequate consideration to the person’s account of the person’s level of pain and suffering”.

The Good medical practice code of conduct for doctors describes what is expected of all doctors registered to practice medicine in Australia, acknowledging the vital role they play in assisting the community to deal with the reality of death and its consequences. It outlines the following responsibilities:

  • “Taking steps to manage a patient’s symptoms and concerns in a manner consistent with their values and wishes.
  • Providing or arranging appropriate palliative care, including a multi-disciplinary approach whenever possible.
  • Understanding the limits of medicine in prolonging life and recognising when efforts to prolong life may not benefit the patient.
  • Understanding that you do not have a duty to try to prolong life at all cost. However, you have a duty to know when not to initiate and when to cease attempts at prolonging life, while ensuring that your patients receive appropriate relief from distress.”

Why then, is it all so difficult? Why do nurses and families have to continue to ‘push’ doctors to plan and ensure access to medicines for end of life care?

Many older people living in residential aged care recognise that they are in the last years or months of life. They have spoken with their families, and have made their wishes clear in an advance care plan. They put their trust in their general practitioner and the nurses in the facility to provide the care they need and expect to have their symptoms managed appropriately in their last days. They, or their family, should not be put in a position where they have to fight for this.

Palliative care is everyone’s business. Please choose a health professional for yourself and your loved ones who is open to talk about death and dying. Choose someone who respects your wishes, is willing to provide the medications needed for good symptom control, or who will refer to another provider if they don’t have the expertise required.

Choose a health provider who will embrace palliative care: it’s your right.

#NPCW2022

Bone tired

I’ve never really thought of myself as being on the frontline during the pandemic.

I haven’t been exposed to COVID-19, or cared for anyone with it.

Sure, the PPE requirements have been a nuisance working in aged care facilities, and wearing a mask all day feels like hard work. But it’s nothing compared to what I imagine my colleagues interstate and overseas have endured working in hospital COVID wards and care homes where there are outbreaks.

I’ve worked alongside nurses who are run ragged caring for the elderly, watching them patiently explaining to angry relatives the reasons for visiting restrictions, while at home in their own countries their family and friends have been dying of COVID. I have listed to their grief as they tell me about not being able to say goodbye to mothers, fathers, siblings and cousins.

I have used telehealth to connect families overseas and interstate with their dying loved ones, giving them that last chance to say goodbye, because travel restrictions mean they cannot come to sit at the bedside and hold the hand of those they love. I’ve lost count of the letters I have written to Chief Health Officers on behalf of these people to support their applications to travel to attend a funeral.

I’m tired. Everyone at work is tired. Not just because we work long hours, or because we are understaffed while the workload increases, but because the permanent state of vigilance is exhausting. Every radio station, television channel, newspaper and social media forum is filled with COVID news – we can’t escape it. We have not been able to have holidays – those precious days and weeks each year in which we can take ourselves off to explore other places, turn our faces to the sun, unwind and relax to recharge our body, mind and spirit.

Caring for the dying is difficult at the best of times, but during a pandemic there are layers upon layers of complexity that we peel back one at a time, only to reveal more layers underneath. We bear witness to grief, we hold space for others, it is accumulative and eventually catches up with us.

I have cried more in the last six months than in all my years of nursing. Advertisements on tv can bring me to tears, they randomly run down my cheeks when I’m listening to a song, watching a movie, or reading a book. The sadness comes out of the blue, overwhelms me, then disappears. I’m not burnt out – I still want to go to work, I love my job. But I’m tired – ‘bone tired’, as my grandmother used to say.

Just today, I read an article about the grief that nurses are experiencing during the pandemic, and the potential impact of this on the nursing workforce in the years to come. I know many who have left their jobs, moved to different areas, or decided it’s finally time to retire. It’s difficult to imagine the pandemic coming to an end, and that we will ever return to what we once knew as ‘normal’ life and work.

To my nursing, medical and allied healthcare colleagues on the front line in COVID hotspots, hang in there. Take a mental health day, or two. Stay safe.

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